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Sheng Shicai or Sheng Shih-ts'ai (盛世才) (1897 - 1970) was a Chinese warlord who ruled Xinjiang from 1933 to 1944.
A Han Chinese born in Kaiyuan, Manchuria, he was first sent to Xinjiang to work for Governor Jin Shuren. He repressed the Qumul Uprising. Though during his early years as Governor he was pro-Soviet and anti-minority (anti-Uygur and anti-Kazakh), he turned anti-Soviet and anti-Communist during the Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945). Sheng Shicai was responsible for the execution of Mao Zemin, a brother of Mao Zedong.
He left Xinjiang to join the Kuomintang's Republic of China government as Minister of Agriculture and Forestry. He fled to Taiwan at the end of the Chinese Civil War in 1949.
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