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Ski jump - Definition and Overview |
| Related Words: Accept, Access, Accretion, Accrual, Addition, Advance, Advantage, Airlift, Amble, Ambush, Amplification, Anabasis, Appreciation, Ascension, Assault, Attack, Augmentation |
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Ski jumping is a winter sport in which skiers go down a hill with a take-off ramp (the jump), attempting to go as far as possible. In addition to the length, referees give points for style, on a scale from 1 to 20. The skis used for ski jumping are wide and long, with parallel sides.
The origin of ski jumping was in Morgedal, Norway, but the first proper competition was held in Trysil in 1862. The first widely known ski jumping competition was held in Husebybakken, Oslo, in 1879. The yearly event was moved to Holmenkollen from 1892, and Holmenkollen has remained the Mecca of ski jumping ever since. In addition to the separate sport of ski jumping, with the three events of "normal hill", "large hill", and "team competition", ski jumping is one of two elements in Nordic combined.
Using the modern V-technique, pioneered by Jan Boklöw of Sweden, world-level skiers are able to exceed the distance of the take-off hill by about 10 percent compared to the previous technique with parallel skis. Aerodynamics has become a factor of increasing importance in modern ski jumping, with recent rules addressing the regulation of ski jumping suits (following a period when "holes" in the rules seemed to favour skinny jumpers in stiff, "air foil"-like suits).
There have been attempts to spread the popularity of the sport by finding ways by which the construction and upkeep of practising and competition venues can
be made easier. These include plastic "fake snow" to provide a slippery surface even during the summer time and in locations where snow is a rare occurrence, and the Ski jumping sling invented by Spede Pasanen which allows construction of an inexpensive and unobtrusive jumping tower.
Notable ski jumpers
Former
- Jan Boklöw (Sweden)
- Espen Bredesen (Norway)
- Sepp Bradl (Austria)
- Matjaž Debelak (Yugoslavia)
- Christof Duffner ((West) Germany)
- Andreas Felder (Austria)
- Kazuyoshi Funaki (Japan)
- Lars Grini (Norway)
- Armin Kogler (Austria)
- Anton Innauer (Austria)
- Toni Nieminen (Finland)
- Matti Nykänen (Finland)
- Franci Petek (Yugoslavia)
- Helmut Recknagel (East Germany)
- Birger Ruud (Norway)
- Walter Steiner (Switzerland)
- Dieter Thoma (West Germany / Germany)
- Primož Ulaga (Yugoslavia)
- Ernst Vettori (Austria)
- Bjørn Wirkola (Norway)
- Jens Weissflog (East Germany / Germany)
currently active
Notable unsuccessful ski jumpers
Historic venues
See Also
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