Linguistic typology
Morphological typology
Analytic language
Synthetic language
Fusional language
Agglutinative language
Polysynthetic language
Morphosyntactic alignment
Theta role
Syntactic pivot
Nominative-accusative language
Nominative-absolutive language
Ergative-absolutive language
Tripartite language
Time Manner Place
Place Manner Time
Subject Verb Object
Subject Object Verb
Verb Subject Object
Verb Object Subject
Object Subject Verb
Object Verb Subject
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Subject Object Verb (SOV) is a term used in linguistic typology to state the general order of words in a language's sentences: "Sam oranges ate". The SOV type is the most common type found in natural languages. It corresponds roughly to reverse Polish notation in computer languages. Turkish, Japanese, Korean, Persian, Latin and most Indian languages belong to this category. German and Dutch use SVO in main clauses, but employ SOV in subordinate clauses.

SOV languages tend to have the adjectives before nouns, to use postpositions rather than prepositions, to place relative clauses before the nouns to which they refer, and to place auxiliary verbs after the action verb. Some have special particles to separate the subject from the object, such as the Japanese wa. SOV languages also seem to exhibit a tendency towards using a Time-Manner-Place ordering of prepositional phrases.

An example in Japanese is:私は昨日ご飯を食べた watashi wa kinou gohan o tabeta ("I ate rice yesterday"), in which watashi is the subject (topic, to be precise), gohan is the object and tabeta is the verb (past tense form of "taberu").

The other permutations in the order of most common to rarest are:

• Subject Verb Object Sam ate oranges. (e.g. English, Spanish, Italian, Kiswahili, Chinese)
• Verb Subject Object Ate Sam oranges. (e.g. Welsh and Arabic)
• Verb Object Subject Ate oranges Sam. (e.g. Fijian)
• Object Subject Verb Oranges Sam ate. (e.g. Xavante)
• Object Verb Subject Oranges ate Sam. (e.g. Guarijio, Hixkaryana, and Klingon)

es:Sujeto Objeto Verbo eo:Subjekto Objekto Verbo pl:SOV