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Tyrol (Tirol in German) is a federal state or Bundesland, located in the west of Austria.
The mountainous region neighbors to Vorarlberg in the west and Salzburg and Carinthia in the east. It is split into two parts, separated by a 10-20 km wide band of the state Salzburg.
The larger, western, part borders Bavaria, Germany in the North and South Tyrol, Italy and Switzerland in the South.
The highest mountain in the state is the Großglockner in the High Tauern, with an elevation of 3.798 m (12.461 ft.), second only to the highest mountain of South Tyrol, the Ortler, 3.905 m (12.812 ft.), a summit that was in the times of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy the highest top of the empire.
The capital is Innsbruck. The town is known for its university, especially the modern techniques in medicine. Tyrol is popular for its famous skiing resorts, such as Kitzbühel or St. Anton. Other larger towns are Kufstein, Schwaz, Reutte and Landeck.
History
Main article: Tyrol
Historically, Tyrol was a County of the Holy Roman Empire, later the Austrian Empire and finally a Kronland of Austria-Hungary, which extended beyond the boundaries of today's state. Historical references to Tyrol (before World War I) include today's Tyrol (North Tyrol and East Tyrol), but also South Tyrol and the Trentino (Welschtirol).
After World War I, Italy annexed South Tyrol and the Trentino according to the provisions of the Treaty of Saint Germain.
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