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Toyota Motor Corporation's M family is a straight-6 engine design used from the 1960s through the 1990s. All M-family engines were OHC designs with a chain-driven camshaft giving way to a belt after 1980. The 4M-E was notable in that it was the first Toyota engine to be equipped with fuel injection. The M family was Toyota's top engine (apart from the uncommon V family V8) for 30 years. It was commonly found on the large Toyota Crown, Cressida, Celica Supra, and Supra.
M
The first M was a 2.0 L (1988 cc) version produced from 1965 through 1988. It was a 2-valve SOHC engine. Cylinder bore and stroke was square at 75 mm (2.95 in). Output was 110 hp (82 kW) at 5600 RPM and 116 ft.lbf (157 Nm) at 3800 RPM.
An LPG version, the M-LPG, was produced from 1966 through 1988.
Twin SU of downdraft carburetors pushed output for the M-B and M-D to 129 hp.
Applications:
M-T
The turbocharged M-TEU appeared in 1980 with 145 hp (108 kW) at 5600 RPM and 156 ft.lbf (211 Nm) at 3000 RPM. It used a Garret T-03 turbo.
The M-TEU was replaced by the more-common air/water intercooled M-TE from 1983 through 1985. Output was 160 hp (119 kW) at 5600 RPM and 170 ft.lbf (230 Nm) at 3000 RPM.
Applications:
3M
Another 2.0 L (1988 cc) engine, the 2-valve DOHC 3M, was produced from 1966 through 1971. This special engine shared the original M's block but featured an aluminum sump, a special Yamaha-designed aluminum head with wide 79° valves and a hemispherical shape. It powered the Yamaha/Toyota 2000GT, the original Japanese exotic car. Output was 150 hp (112 kW) at 6600 RPM and 172 ft.lbf (233 Nm) at 4800 RPM.
Applications:
2M
The 2-valve SOHC 2M was stroked (to 85 mm/3.35 in) for 2.3 L (2253 cc). it was produced from 1966 through 1972. Output was 109-115 hp (81-86 kW) at 5200 RPM and 117-123 ft.lbf (158-166 Nm) at 3600 RPM.
Applications:
4M
The engine was bored out to 80 mm (3.15 in) to create the 2.6 L (2563 cc) 2-valve SOHC 4M. Produced from 1972 through 1980, output was 108-122 hp (81-91 kW) at 5600 RPM and 134-141 ft.lbf (181-191 Nm) at 3600 RPM.
The fuel injected 4M-E was produced from 1978 through 1980. It was also a 2-valve SOHC engine. Output was 110 hp (82 kW) at 4800 RPM and 136 ft.lbf (184 Nm) at 2400 RPM.
Applications:
5M
The Bore was up again to 83.1 mm (3.27 in) in the 2.8 L (2759 cc) 5M, produced from 1979 through 1988. Although 2-valve SOHC and carbureted versions were made, it is the fuel injected DOHC 5M-GE that is the most common.
The SOHC engine produced just 116 hp (87 kW) at 4800 RPM and 145 ft.lbf (196 Nm) at 3600 RPM.
In Australia the 5M-E (in 1985) was just 103 kW at 4800 RPM and 226 Nm at 3600 RPM due to the (leaded) petrol at the time.
Applications:
5M-GE
The 2-valve DOHC 5M-GE is familiar as the engine of the Toyota Supra of the 1980s. It was quite different from any previous member of the M family, with new electronic fuel injection, wide-angle valves, and belt-driven dual camshafts. It used hydraulic valve lifters, a first for Toyota. This version of the M made its US debut in 1983's Cressida, the top of the Toyota range in that market.
Output jumped from 145 to 160 hp with the introduction of fuel injection, and ranged all the way to 175 hp (108, 119, and 130 kW respectively).
Applications:
6M
The 5M was stroked to 91 mm (3.58 in) to create the 3.0 L (2954 cc) 6M. Only produced in 2-valve DOHC/fuel injected versions, it was available as the 6M-GE and Japan-spec 6M-GEU from 1984 through 1987 when it was replaced by the 7M.
Output was 170-190 hp (127-142 kW) at 5600 RPM and 170-192 ft.lbf (230-260 Nm) at 4400 RPM.
Applications:
7M
All 3.0 L (2954 cc) 7M engines were also fuel injected and DOHC, now with 4-valve heads. The valves are spaced at a performance-oriented 50° angle. Cylinder bore was 83 mm (3.27 in) and stroke was 91 mm (3.58 in).
The engine block is a Chevy type. The engine was the most powerful engine Toyota produced until the 2JZ-GTE. The engine is also quite fuel efficient compared to others in its class.
7M-GE
The 7M-GE was produced from 1986 through 1992. Output was 190-204 hp (142-152 kW) at 6000 RPM and 185-196 ft.lbf (250-265 Nm) at 4800 RPM.
Applications:
7M-GTE
The turbocharged 7M-GTE was Toyota's top performance engine from 1986 through 1992. Output was near 230 hp (172 kW) at 5600 RPM and 240 ft.lbf (325 Nm) at 4000 RPM for most 5 psi/0.35 bar versions.
A special evolution version with a different turbocharger pushed output to 265 hp (198 kW) at 5600 RPM and 264 ft.lbf (357 Nm) at 4400 RPM.
Applications:
See also
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