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The Wallcreeper (Tichodroma muraria) is sometimes considered to be a member of the nuthatch family, Sittidae, which contains 23 species of passerine bird. In that classification, the subfamily "Tichodromadinae" contains a single species, the Wallcreeper. The other subfamily, "Sittinae", contains the 22 species of “true” nuthatches. This article follows the Handbook of Birds of the World in separating the wallcreeper as a separate family Tichodromadidae.
It is a small bird found throughout the high mountains of southern Eurasia, including the Pyrenees, the Alps and the Altai.
Birds from Turkmenistan east are slightly darker, and are sometimes classed as a separate race T. m. nipalensis.
It is largely resident, but moves to lower levels in winter, and sometimes wanders further afield, when it sometimes uses quarries and buildings. Birds have wintered as far away as England, and one also wintered on the University of Amsterdam.
This is a charismatic bird due to its stunning crimson, grey and black plumage, butterfly-like flight and inaccessible haunts. Its Chinese name means "Rock flower".
In the breeding season, the male can often be distinguished from the female (depicted) by its black throat, although the female also sometimes has varying degrees of black on the throat.
This species can be quite tame, but is often surprisingly difficult to see on mountain faces.
It feeds on insects, obtained with its long bill, and nests in rock crevices, laying 4-5 speckled white eggs, which are incubated by the female. The male's song is a sequence of whistles.
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