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Zlatoust (Златоуст in Russian) is a town in the Chelyabinsk Oblast in Russia. It is located on the Ai River (the Kama basin) 160 km west of Chelyabinsk. Population: 181,000 (1971), 161,000 (1959), 99,000 (1939), 48,000 (1926), 21,000 (1910).
Zlatoust was founded in 1754 due to construction of the ironworks. In 1774-1774, the workers of the plant took part in the insurrection led by Yemelyan Pugachev. In the early 19th century, Pavel Anosov made the first Russian bulat steel blades in Zlatoust. The town is also famous for the first cannons made of Russian steel. In 1903, the tsarist authorities brutally suppressed a strike, organized by the workers of Zlatoust (see Zlatoust Massacre).
The Soviets gained gained control over Zlatoust in March of 1918. The town was occupied by the Whites between June of 1918 and July of 1919. On July 13, 1919, Zlatoust was seized by the Red Army (see Zlatoust Operation of 1919).
During the Soviet period, Zlatoust became an industrial city, which specialized in metallurgy, mechanical engineering, tool making, food production and other industries. Zlatoust has been one of the centers of artistic engraving on metal in Russia.
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