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 Disjunctive case - Definition 


Grammatical cases
List of grammatical cases
Abessive case
Ablative case
Absolutive case
Adessive case
Allative case
Causal case
Causal-final case
Comitative case
Dative case
Dedative case
Delative case
Disjunctive case
Distributive case
Distributive-temporal case
Elative case
Essive case
Essive-formal case
Essive-modal case
Excessive case
Final case
Formal case
Genitive case
Illative case
Inessive case
Instructive case
Instrumental case
Lative case
Locative case
Modal case
Multiplicative case
Oblique case
Objective case
Partitive case
Possessive case
Postpositional case
Prepositional case
Prolative case
Prosecutive case
Separative case
Sociative case
Sublative case
Superessive case
Temporal case
Terminative case
Translative case
Vialis case
Vocative case
Morphosyntactic alignment
Absolutive case
Accusative case
Ergative case
Instrumental case
Instrumental-comitative case
Intransitive case
Nominative case
Declension
Declension in English
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The disjunctive case is a grammatical case in French, where (like other cases) it has a distinct form only for pronouns.

  • Moi et lui, nous sommes allés au parc. I and he, we went to the park.
  • Nous, nous sommes pour; eux, ils sont contre. We are for; they are against.

It also serves as a sort of prepositional case, in the sense that pronouns marked by preposition take the disjunctive (i.e., avec lui, pour toi, etc).

For non-3rd person verbs in the imperative mood, the disjunctive pronouns are used to mark the direct and indirect objects of a transitive verb, as in the accusative case. So we have écoute-moi (listen to me), dis-moi (tell me). However, in the third person (both singular and plural), the disjunctive is not used. This is likely because French preserves the dative/accusative distinction in the third person, and so use of the disjunctive would result in a loss of information. For example, you say tue-le (kill him), but dis-lui (tell him) -- examples of the accusative and dative, respectively. Note that in this case "lui" is the dative third person singular pronoun, not the disjunctive -- the difference may be seen in the 3rd person feminine, where the disjunctive is "elle" but the dative is still "lui". See also French grammar.

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