Proof - Dictionary Definition and Overview

Proof :  adj : (used in combination or as a suffix) able to withstand; "temptation-proof"; "childproof locks" [syn: proof(p)] (noun)
1: any factual evidence that helps to establish the truth of something; "if you have any proof for what you say, now is the time to produce it" [syn: cogent evidence]
2: a formal series of statements showing that if one thing is true something else necessarily follows from it
3: a measure of alcoholic strength expressed as an integer twice the percentage of alcohol present (by volume)
4: (printing) an impression made to check for errors [syn: test copy, trial impression]
5: a trial photographic print from a negative
6: the act of validating; finding or testing the truth of something [syn: validation, substantiation] (verb)
1: make or take a proof of, such as a photographic negative, an etching, or typeset
2: knead to reach proper lightness; "proof dough"
3: read for errors; "I should proofread my manuscripts" [syn: proofread]
4: activate by mixing with water and sometimes sugar or milk; "proof yeast"
5: make resistant to water, sound, errors, etc.; "proof the materials against shrinking in the dryer"

Based on WordNet 2.0

Proof : \Proof\, a. 1. Used in proving or testing; as, a proof load, or proof charge.

2. Firm or successful in resisting; as, proof against harm; waterproof; bombproof.

I . . . have found thee Proof against all temptation. --Milton.

This was a good, stout proof article of faith. --Burke.

3. Being of a certain standard as to strength; -- said of alcoholic liquors.

Based on Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary

Proof : \Proof\, n. [OF. prove, proeve, F. preuve, fr. L. proba, fr. probare to prove. See Prove.] 1. Any effort, process, or operation designed to establish or discover a fact or truth; an act of testing; a test; a trial.

For whatsoever mother wit or art Could work, he put in proof. --Spenser.

You shall have many proofs to show your skill. --Ford.

Formerly, a very rude mode of ascertaining the strength of spirits was practiced, called the proof. --Ure.

2. That degree of evidence which convinces the mind of any truth or fact, and produces belief; a test by facts or arguments that induce, or tend to induce, certainty of the judgment; conclusive evidence; demonstration.

I'll have some proof. --Shak.

It is no proof of a man's understanding to be able to confirm whatever he pleases. --Emerson.

Note: Properly speaking, proof is the effect or result of evidence, evidence is the medium of proof. Cf. Demonstration, 1.

3. The quality or state of having been proved or tried; firmness or hardness that resists impression, or does not yield to force; impenetrability of physical bodies.

4. Firmness of mind; stability not to be shaken.

5. (Print.) A trial impression, as from type, taken for correction or examination; -- called also proof sheet.

6. (Math.) A process for testing the accuracy of an operation performed. Cf. Prove, v. t., 5.

7. Armor of excellent or tried quality, and deemed impenetrable; properly, armor of proof. [Obs.] --Shak.

Artist's proof, a very early proof impression of an engraving, or the like; -- often distinguished by the artist's signature.

Proof reader, one who reads, and marks correction in, proofs. See def. 5, above.

Syn: Testimony; evidence; reason; argument; trial; demonstration. See Testimony.

Based on Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary

PROOF, practice. The conviction or persuasion of the mind of a judge or jury, by the exhibition of evidence, of the reality of a fact alleged: as, to prove, is to determine or persuade that a thing does or does not exist. 8 Toull. n. 2; Ayl. Parerg. 442; 2 Phil. Ev. 44, n, a.Proof : is the perfection of evidence, for without evidence there is no proof, although, there may be evidence which does not amount to proof: for example, a man is found murdered at a spot where another had been seen walking but a short time before, this fact would be evidence to show that the latter was the murderer, but, standing alone, would be very far from proof of it. 2. Ayliffe defines judicial proof to be a clear and evident declaration or demonstration, of a matter which was before doubtful, conveyed in a judicial manner by fit and proper arguments, and likewise by all other legal methods; first, by proper arguments, such as conjectures, presumptions, indicia, and other adminicular ways and means; and, secondly, by legal method, or methods according to law, such as witnesses, public instruments, end the like. Parerg. 442 Aso. & Man. Inst. B. 3, t. 7.

Based on Bouvier's Law Dictionary, Revised 6th Ed (1856) [Bouvier_Law_Dictionary]:

Proof : 

1. A finite sequence of well-formed formulas, F1, F2, ... Fn, where each Fi either is an axiom, or follows by some rule of inference from some of the previous F's, and Fn is the statement being proved.

See also proof theory.

2. A left-associative natural language parser by Craig R. Latta . Ported to Decstation 3100, Sun-4.

ftp://scam.berkeley.edu/pub/src/local/proof/)">(ftp://scam.berkeley.edu/pub/src/local/proof/).

E-mail: . Mailing list: proof-requestf@xcf.berkeley.edu (Subject: add me).

(1994-11-29)



Based on Bouvier's Law Dictionary, Revised 6th Ed (1856) [Bouvier_Law_Dictionary]:
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