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Redundancy - Dictionary Definition and Overview |
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Redundancy : (noun)
1: repetition of messages to reduce the probability of errors
in transmission
2: the attribute of being superfluous and unneeded; "the use of
industrial robots created redundancy among workers" [syn:
redundance]
3: (electronics) a system design that duplicates components to
provide alternatives in case one component fails
4: repetition of an act needlessly
Based on WordNet 2.0
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Redundance \Re*dun"dance\ (r?*d?n"dans),Redundancy : \Re*dun"dan*cy\ (-dan*s?), n. [L. redundantia: cf. F.
redondance.]
1. The quality or state of being redundant; superfluity;
superabundance; excess.
2. That which is redundant or in excess; anything superfluous
or superabundant.
Labor . . . throws off redundacies. --Addison.
3. (Law) Surplusage inserted in a pleading which may be
rejected by the court without impairing the validity of
what remains.
Based on Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary
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REDUNDANCY. Matter introduced in an answer, or pleading, which is foreign to
the bill or articles.
2. In the case of Dysart v. Dysart, 3 Curt. Ecc. R. 543, in giving the
judgment of the court, Dr. Lushington says: "It may not, perhaps, be easy to
define the meaning of this term [redundant] in a short sentence, but the
true meaning I take to be this: the respondent is not to insert in his
answer any matter foreign to the articles he is called upon to answer,
although such matter may be admissible in a plea; but he may, in his answer,
plead matter by way of explanation pertinent to the articles, even if such
matter shall be solely in his own knowledge and to such extent incapable of
proof; or he may state matter which can be substantiated by witnesses; but
in this latter instance, if such matter be introduced into the answer and
not afterwards put in the plea or proved, the court will give no weight or
credence to such part of the answer."
3. A material distinction is to be observed betweenRedundancy : in the
allegation and redundancy in the proof. In the former case, a variance
between the allegation and the proof will be fatal if the redundant
allegations are descriptive of that which is essential. But in the latter
case, redundancy cannot vitiate, because more is proved than is alleged,
unless the matter superfluously proved goes to contradict some essential
part of the allegation. 1 Greenl. Ev. Sec. 67; 1 Stark. Ev. 401.
Based on Bouvier's Law Dictionary, Revised 6th Ed (1856) [Bouvier_Law_Dictionary]:
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Redundancy :
1. The provision of multiple interchangeable
components to perform a single function in order to cope with
failures and errors. Redundancy normally applies primarily to
hardware. For example, one might install two or even three
computers to do the same job. There are several ways these
could be used. They could all be active all the time thus
giving extra performance through parallel processing as well
as extra availability; one could be active and the others
simply monitoring its activity so as to be ready to take over
if it failed ("warm standby"); the "spares" could be kept
turned off and only switched on when needed ("cold standby").
Another common form of hardware redundancy is disk
mirroring.
Redundancy can also be used to detect and recover from errors,
either in hardware or software. A well known example of this
is the cyclic redundancy check which adds redundant data to
a block in order to detect corruption during storage or
transmission. If the cost of errors is high enough, e.g. in a
safety-critical system, redundancy may be used in both
hardware AND software with three separate computers programmed
by three separate teams and some system to check that they all
produce the same answer, or some kind of majority voting
system.
2. The proportion of a message's gross
information content that can be eliminated without losing
essential information.
Technically, redundancy is one minus the ratio of the actual
uncertainty to the maximum uncertainty. This is the fraction
of the structure of the message which is determined not by the
choice of the sender, but rather by the accepted statistical
rules governing the choice of the symbols in question.
[Shannon and Weaver, 1948, p. l3]
[Better explanation?]
(1995-05-09)
Based on Bouvier's Law Dictionary, Revised 6th Ed (1856) [Bouvier_Law_Dictionary]:
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Example Usage of Redundancy |
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ClareEvitts: Redundancy compromise agreements - Jumptags.com http://bit.ly/7UCZjf |
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Rob_B2805: #2010 I look forward to a (hopefully) decent Redundancy package, and a kick to get me to change my life; hence my 2010 master plan! |
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Karldyer: Christmas Redundancy...the gift that keeps on giving! I thought the bottle of wine we got last year was better. |
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