List of almanacs (1188 bytes)
3: * [[List of reference tables]]
5: == Printed Almanacs ==
14: == Online Almanacs ==
19: == Special Purpose Almanacs ==
26: [[Category:Almanacs| ]]

Reference (C Plus Plus) (7728 bytes)
1: {{wrongtitle|title=Reference (C++)}}
3: ...ted from [[C programming language|C]], which is a reference in the general sense but not in the sense used by...
11: ... is said to define an identifier whose type is '''reference to <Type>'''.
23: ...to int, MyClass is a class with a member which is reference to int.
25: ...tifiers which are of reference type are called '''reference variables'''. To call them ''variable'', however,...

Self-reference (2978 bytes)
1: ...s when an object [[reference|refers]] to itself. Reference is possible when there are two logical levels, a ...
3: An example of a self-reference situation is the one of [[autopoiesis]], as the l...
5: Self-reference also occurs in [[literature]] when an author refe...
7: ...anically"), the result is a tautology. Such self-references can be quite complex and include full propositio...
9: Self-reference in [[computer science]] is seen in the concept of...

Reference (3572 bytes)
1: A '''reference''' is something that refers or points to somethin...
5: In [[semantics]], reference is the relation between [[noun]]s or [[pronouns]]...
9: Reference is not in general the same as meaning, since many...
10: ...[sense and reference | sense ]] of a word and its reference).
14: ...language]]s support some form of reference. See [[reference (computer science)]].

Reference surface (590 bytes)
1: '''Reference surface''': In [[optical-fiber]] technology, tha...
3: ... polymer overcoat of an all-[[glass]] fiber), the reference surface may be the [[core]].

Locality of reference (2448 bytes)
3: ...imes. There are three basic types of locality of reference: temporal, spatial and sequential:
5: ...e that is referenced at one point in time will be referenced again sometime in the near future.
6: ...resource is higher if a resource near it was just referenced.
9: ...next item will be read, hence spatial locality of reference, since memory locations are typically read in bat...
11: ...role on the highest level, since results that are referenced very closely together can be kept in a register....

Reference implementation (2003 bytes)
1: In [[computing]], a '''reference implementation''' (or, infrequently, '''sample im...
3: "A reference implementation is, in general, an implementation ...
6: ''Requirements for GSC-IS Reference Implementations'', Eric Dalci, Elizabeth Fong, Al...
9: "Reference Implementation
19: ...implementation that X.org then declared to be the reference implementation.)

Reference noise (589 bytes)
1: ...he magnitude of [[circuit]] [[noise]] chosen as a reference for measurement.

Reference work (962 bytes)
3: ...sually of a specific type, compiled for ease of [[reference]]. That is, the information is intended to be qui...
5: ...s. Indexes are commonly provided in many types of reference work. Most are updated as needed, typically with ...
24: See also: Wikipedia's [[list of reference tables]]

Reference counting (12369 bytes)
1: ...unting''' is a technique of storing the number of references, pointers or handles to a resource such as an ob...
4: ...ce]]s to it held by other objects. If an object's reference count reaches zero, the object has become inacces...
6: ...d or copied, the reference count of the object it references is incremented.
10: ...orms of garbage collection to implement. Weighted reference counts are a good solution for garbage collecting...
12: Reference counting in naïve form has two main disadvantages...

Reference electrode (593 bytes)
1: '''Reference electrode'''
7: Common reference electrodes:

Reference circuit (800 bytes)
1: ...cteristic or characteristics, used primarily as a reference for measuring the performance of other, ''i.e.,''...
3: ...f related reference circuits is also called a ''[[reference system]]''.

Reference clock (484 bytes)
1: In [[telecommunication]], the term '''reference clock''' has the following meanings:
7: <i>Note:</i> The [[failure]] of a reference clock does not necessarily cause loss of [[synchr...

Circular reference (885 bytes)
1: ...ences the first, thus causing the whole series of references to be unusable.
3: ==Circular references in business==
5: ...lanned business support will result in a circular reference. This is known as a run-around.
11: The entire set of references is now worthless because none of them can satisf...

Sense and reference (16938 bytes)
1: ...the [[meaning]] of a linguistic expression. The ''reference'' of an expression is simply the object that the ...
6: ...h;with different senses corresponding to the same reference.
8: ...the expression refers to. Sense is one thing, and reference another.
11: ... aspect of meaning, writers have used the terms ''reference'', ''referent'', ''extension'', ''denotation'', '...
13: ... the sense of an expression is what picks out its reference.

Reference desk (181 bytes)
1: ...ic service found in many libraries, see [[library reference desk]].
2: ...For the Wikipedia community page, see [[Wikipedia:Reference desk]].

Grid reference (1784 bytes)
1: A '''grid reference''' is a standard method for the location of a poi...
7: ...ired. For Ordnance Survey maps, a six-figure grid reference is usually used, providing a resolution down to 1...
9: ...astings first, then the Northings. For example, a reference of 696018 specifies square (69, 01), and the poin...
11: For example, the grid reference above, 696018, is the position of the church at L...

Weak reference (2356 bytes)
1: ...gramming|object-oriented]] languages feature weak references, such as [[Java programming language|Java]] and ...
3: ...e broken by replacing strong references with weak references.
5: Weak references are also used to minimize the number of unnecess...
7: ... such as [[C Plus Plus|C++]], provide weak/strong reference functionality as part of supporting garbage colle...
9: ... once objects are added to the list, they will be referenced by it and will persist forever (or until the pro...

Reference range (2102 bytes)
1: In [[health]]-related fields, a '''reference range''' is a set of values of some measurement t...
5: A reference range for a particular test or measurement, is us...
11: ==A graphical illustration of reference ranges==
18: ... situation, where the distribution is normal, the reference range can be obtained by simply measuring a popul...
25: ...t is useful to find out why this is the case. Two reference ranges can be established for the two different g...

Indirect self-reference (2466 bytes)
1: ...rect self-reference''' describes an object [[self-reference|referring to itself]] ''indirectly''.
7: Indirect self-reference is special in that its self-referential quality i...
20: ...un. It is somewhat surprising, in fact, that self-reference can be achieved at all in these systems.
24: Indirect self-reference was studied in great depth by [[W. V. Quine]] (af...

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