Deferent and epicycle (2738 bytes)
1: ...tury BC]]. In particular it explained [[prograde and retrograde motion|retrograde]] motion.
3: ...of planets in this system are '''epitrochoids''', and the point around which an epicyclic path revolves...
5: The deferent would be considered to be centered on the Earth (...
7: ...ferent. This would cause the planet to slow down and reverse course, ie. [[retrogradation]].
9: ...r the mathematical methods necessary to recognize and "correct" the deviations of the planets' motions ...

Epicycloid (909 bytes)
1: ...h of a chosen point of a circle — called '''epicycle''' — which rolls around without slipping ar...
11: An epicycle with one cusp is a [[cardioid]].
13: An epicycloid and its [[evolute]] are [[similar]].[http://mathworld...
15: ...:''' [[cycloid]], [[hypocycloid]], [[deferent and epicycle]].

Retrogradation (681 bytes)
1: ...er (planet)|Jupiter]], [[Saturn (planet)|Saturn]] and so forth) when they move from east to west relati...
3: ...al result of the combined motion of the [[Earth]] and the planet observed.
5: ''See also:'' [[Prograde and retrograde motion]]

Ptolemaic system (4725 bytes)
1: ...lmagest]] some time around the 2nd century, C.E., and accepted for over 1,000 years by the vast majorit...
4: ...phisticated understanding of Ptolemy's astronomy, and was studied by every competent astronomer of the ...
6: ...s can be explained with uniform, circular motion, and obeying [[Aristotle|Aristotelian]] [[physics]].
9: ...rcury are always centered on a line between Earth and the Sun (Mercury being closer to Earth), which ex...
12: ...in this phenomenon, as Copernicus later did using epicyclets).

Apollonius of Perga (1126 bytes)
1: ...]s, to explain the apparent motion of the planets and the varying speed of the [[Moon]], are also attri...
5: ... preserved in the original Greek, three in Arabic and one lost).
7: ... scholars including [[Ptolemy]], [[Isaac Newton]] and [[René Descartes]].

Geocentric model (5282 bytes)
1: ...]] assumed that the [[Sun]], [[Moon]], [[star]]s, and [[planet]]s [[orbit]] Earth. Similar ideas were h...
3: ...to this model, the orbits were perfectly circular and not elliptical.
5: ... [[Johannes Kepler|Kepler]] due to the simplicity and predictive accuracy of that newer model.
7: ...cities around the Earth to account for the rising and setting of celestial objects every day.
9: ...]]. The epicycles were themselves attached to the deferents; the simultaneous revolution of both sets of sph...

Prograde and retrograde motion (5519 bytes)
1: ...Operation]], [[Permutation (music)|Permutation]], and [[Transformation]].''
3: ...es from the [[Latin]] words ''retro'', backwards, and ''gradus'', step.
7: ...the biggest moons of [[Jupiter (planet)|Jupiter]] and [[Saturn (planet)|Saturn]] around their planets. ...
10: ...enus (planet)|Venus]], [[Uranus (planet)|Uranus]] and [[Pluto (planet)|Pluto]] spin clockwise, so they ...
11: ... small moons orbit clockwise around their planet, and

Ibn al-Shatir (1240 bytes)
1: ... need for an [[equant]] by introducing an extra [[epicycle]], departing from the [[Ptolemaic]] system in a w...
5: *Victor Roberts, "The Solar and Lunar Theory of Ibn ash-Shatir: A Pre-Copernican ...

Curve (10841 bytes)
3: ...itive idea of a geometrical '''one-dimensional''' and '''continuous''' object. Simple examples are the ...
12: ...'' or '''a loop''' if <math>\,\!I = [a, b]</math> and if <math>\!\,\gamma(a) = \gamma(b)</math>. A clo...
16: ...ension]] bigger than one (see [[Koch snowflake]]) and even positive [[Lebesgue measure]] (the last exam...
18: ==Conventions and terminology==
20: ...rve. It is important to pay attention to context and convention in reading.

Peter Russell (3558 bytes)
3: ...gy and has studied [[eastern philosophy|eastern]] and [[western philosophy|western]] philosophies of th...
5: ...]." In part three, he discusses "inner evolution" and the "high-[[synergy]] society". In some ways, thi...
7: ...(such as [[neuropsychology]]) to the convoluted [[epicycle]]s before the [[Nicolaus Copernicus|Copernican re...
11: ...ics, Russell has [[pacifism|pacifist]] tendencies and sides with left-leaning [[activism|activist]] pro...
16: ..., (2003), with [[Alistair Shearer]]. Translation and commentary on the [[Upanishad]]s.

Parmenides (dialogue) (5581 bytes)
3: ...re is a one gives rise to intolerable absurdities and contradictions.
5: ...osite attributes; what would cause consternation, and earn the admiration of Socrates, would be if some...
7: ...phy, he will not be so deferent to public opinion and will admit Forms of even the lowest objects.
9: ...tes out on certain aspects of the Theory of Forms and in the process brings to bear five arguments agai...
11: ...se by multiplication, in the second by division - and thus will not still be one.

Ptolemy (10779 bytes)
1: ...t the geographer and astronomer Ptolemy. For Alexander the Great's general, see [[Ptolemy I of Egypt]]...
5: ...trologer]] who probably lived and worked in [[Alexandria]] in [[Egypt]].
7: ..., in Arabic manuscripts (hence its familiar name) and only made available in Latin translation (by [[Ge...
9: ...rations. They were also adopted in the Arab world and in India. The ''Almagest'' also contains a [[sta...
11: ..., Marinos of Tyre, and on gazetteers of the Roman and ancient Persian empire, but most of his sources b...

List of English suffixes (4946 bytes)
14: ...government <td>[[kakistocracy]], [[democracy]], [[androcracy]]
15: ... <td>circle, cycle, unit of radio frequency <td>[[epicycle]], [[hydrocycle]]
25: ... from the [[Watergate scandal]])<td>[[Watergate scandal|Watergate]], [[nipplegate]]
40: ...to adverbs; also changes some nouns to adjectives and some (past-tense) verbs to adverbs<td>quick(adj) ...
57: ...Greek <i>skopos</i>, view; instrument for viewing and observing spaces<td>[[microscope]], [[telescope]]

Hipparchus (50304 bytes)
3: ... [[Greeks|Greek]] [[astronomer]], [[geographer]], and [[mathematician]]. The [[European Space Agency|ES...
5: ... the compilation of the first [[star catalogue]], and probably the invention of the [[astrolabe]]. [[P...
8: == Life and work ==
10: ...; from [[Strabo]]'s ''Geographia'' ("Geography"), and from [[Pliny the Elder]]'s ''[[Pliny's Natural Hi...
16: ...]] as well as [[Babylon]], but it is not known if and when he visited these places.

List of mathematical topics (D-F) (38299 bytes)
11: ...ndelin, Germinal Pierre]] [[Talk:Germinal Pierre Dandelin| ]] --
12: [[Dandelin spheres]] [[Talk:Dandelin spheres| ]] --
45: [[Deferent and epicycle]] [[Talk:Deferent and epicycle| ]] --
49: [[Defined and undefined]] [[Talk:Defined and undefined| ]] --
185: [[Discrete random variable]] [[Talk:Discrete random variable| ]] --

Music of Illinois (6214 bytes)
2: ... roll]], [[punk rock]], and [[alternative rock]] bands also hailed from Chicago.
5: ...ony Orchestra]] is the major symphony in Illinois and has received widespread recognition for its recor...
13: ...The [[Polka]] Hall of Fame is located in Chicago, and is home to the [[International Polka Association]...
16: ...n Chicago, and the city remained the most vibrant and advanced center of the music through the [[1920s]...
18: ...llinois]] near [[St. Louis]]), [[Benny Goodman]], and [[Herbie Hancock]].

Ferous (7984 bytes)
1: ...ny of the 200 words below are relatively uncommon and/or technical; nevertheless (if one is permitted t...
202: |glandiferous
205: |glanduliferous
206: |bearing glands
293: |obsequious or deferent

Heliocentrism (9479 bytes)
2: ...rnicus|Copernicus]], [[Galileo Galilei|Galileo]], and [[Johannes Kepler|Kepler]], it became the center ...
5: ...ions became better understood, they required more and more elaborate descriptions, the most famous of w...
7: ...ld be central. Aristotle dismissed this argument and advocated geocentrism.
9: ...nd Sun; his figures were not accurate by modern standards, but a serious start. Perhaps, as many people...
11: ...ould move twice the earth-sun distance each year, and given this distance to stars should see visible [...

Planetary orbit (18242 bytes)
7: ...lipse|elliptical]], not [[circle|circular]] (or [[epicycle|epicyclic]]), as had previously been believed.
9: ...were derivable from his theory of [[gravitation]] and that, in general, the orbits of bodies responding...
13: ...ral star is not gravitationally bound to the star and therefore is not considered part of the star's pl...
15: ...e those of the orbits of [[Venus (planet)|Venus]] and [[Neptune (planet)|Neptune]].
17: ...ing object is closest to the object being orbited and the [[apoapsis]] is that [[point]] at which the o...

List of astronomical topics (109945 bytes)
2: ...at are related to [[Astronomy]], [[Astrophysics]] and [[Cosmology]]. This is so that those interested i...
6: ...ject Constellations|WikiProject Constellations]], and [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Telescopes|WikiProject Te...
177: [[Anaximander]] [[Talk:Anaximander| ]] --
178: [[Andromeda (constellation)]] [[Talk:Andromeda (constellation)| ]] --
179: [[Andromeda Galaxy]] [[Talk:Andromeda Galaxy| ]] --

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