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 function (mathematics) - Definition 

Function (mathematics) (23814 bytes)
1: ...ction is fundamental to virtually every branch of mathematics and every quantitative [[science]].
3: ...term '''operator''' is frequently used for dyadic functions expressed using [[infix]] notation.
6: ...o each given [[input]]. Here are some examples of functions:
8: ...lue, indigo, or violet). The favorite colour is a function of the person. For example, John has favorite col...
9: ...he summer. The number of lemonades they sell is a function of the temperature outside. For example, if it is...

E7 (mathematics) (1491 bytes)
3: In [[mathematics]], '''E<sub>7</sub>''' is the name of a [[Lie gro...

G2 (mathematics) (1748 bytes)
3: In [[mathematics]], '''G<sub>2</sub>''' is the name of a [[Lie gro...

F4 (mathematics) (1935 bytes)
3: In [[mathematics]], '''F<sub>4</sub>''' is the name of a [[Lie gro...
7: ...'''(9), in analogy with the construction of [[E8 (mathematics)|''E''<sub>8</sub>]].
59: ... in the center of the other). They form a [[ring (mathematics)|ring]] called the [[Hurwitz quaternion]] ring.

Where Mathematics Comes From (16899 bytes)
1: ...science of mathematics]], or a theory of embodied mathematics. It is notable mostly for the dialogue it has spa...
3: ...nitive terms. This idea analysis is distinct from mathematics itself and cannot be performed by mathematicians ...
5: ... brains, and the question whether a "transcendent mathematics" objectively exists is thus unanswerable and clos...
9: ...f investigation, mathematics must equally be one. Mathematics is in some sense "useful", and insofar as it is e...
11: ...ew of subject/object relations that had dominated mathematics since [[Descartes]], with a growing consensus tha...

Mathematics (18536 bytes)
1: ...ly growing, through research and application, but mathematics itself is not usually considered a [[natural scie...
3: ...ences, most commonly in [[physics]]. Contemporary mathematics also relates closely to applications in [[compute...
5: ...e described in the article on the [[philosophy of mathematics]].
7: ...ns work for purely [[aesthetic]] reasons, viewing mathematics more as an [[art]] rather than as a practical or ...
9: '''''Mathematics''''' is often abbreviated as '''math''' ([[Americ...

Further Mathematics (1732 bytes)
1: ...|UK]]. It is studied in addition to the standard mathematics A-Level course.
4: ...ying both [[pure mathematics|pure]] and [[applied mathematics|applied]] modules. Whilst the pure modules (form...
6: ...ge]] candidates for subjects such as [[Physics]], Mathematics and [[Engineering]], as it is considered only sui...
16: *[[Coordinates (elementary mathematics)#Polar coordinates|Polar coordinates]]
17: *[[Hyperbolic functions]]

E6 (mathematics) (2611 bytes)
3: In [[mathematics]], '''E<sub>6</sub>''' is the name of a [[Lie gro...

E8 (mathematics) (2699 bytes)
3: In [[mathematics]], '''E<sub>8</sub>''' is the name of a [[Lie gro...

Z function (5258 bytes)
1: ...he '''Z function''' is a [[function (mathematics)|function]] used for studying the
2: [[Riemann zeta function]] along the critical line where the real part of ...
3: ... one-half. It is also called the Riemann-Siegel Z function, the
4: ... the zeta function and the [[Riemann-Siegel theta function]] by
7: ...o zeros off the critical line of the Riemann zeta function in its critical strip.

One way function (2865 bytes)
1: ...[cryptography]] rests on the existence of one way functions.
3: Formally, a one-way function is a [[computable function]] <math>f</math> with the following properties:
8: ...f NP) implies the existence of one-to-one one-way functions; see [[UP (complexity)|UP]] for more.
10: It is known that the existence of one-way functions implies the existence of many other useful crypt...
12: *Pseudorandom function families;

Function (1448 bytes)
1: ... or evolutionary success. The common feature of a function is that it produces some kind of result.
3: '''Function''' may refer to:
5: * (in [[mathematics]])
6: ...ept of a '''[[function (mathematics)|mathematical function]]'''
7: ** a '''[[functional (mathematics)|functional]]'''

How to specify a function (3172 bytes)
1: In [[mathematics]], '''[[function (mathematics)|function]]s''' can be specified in several ways.
2: In practice, most functions that relate (combinations of) numbers with numbe...
3: For example, the ''dist'' function can be specified with
9: ... is called an '''explicit function''', as it is a function being stated explicitly.
11: ...ifying the set of [[ordered pair]]s that form the function's graph by either enumerating it or specifying it...

L-function (3495 bytes)
3: ...n it, broad generalisations of the [[Riemann Zeta function]] and the L-series for a [[Dirichlet character]] ...
5: === L-functions ===
7: ...te series for the Riemann zeta-function), and the function in the complex plane that is its analytic continu...
9: ...L-function here includes many known types of zeta-function.
13: ...e can list characteristics of known examples of L-functions that one would wish to see generalised:

Moment (mathematics) (2616 bytes)
3: ...[[physics]]. The ''n''th moment of a real-valued function ''f''(''x'') of a real variable is
7: ...2, 3, ... } that are sequences of moments of some function ''f''.
9: ...bility distribution, which may not have a density function, then the ''n''th moment of the probability distr...
39: ...of a probability distribution are also polynomial functions of the moments.

Interval (mathematics) (6388 bytes)
5: In higher [[mathematics]], a formal definition is the following: An '''in...
42: ...at if ''f'': '''R'''&rarr;'''R''' is a continuous function and ''I'' is an interval, then its image ''f''(''...
55: ...'Interval arithmetic''', also called '''interval mathematics''', '''interval analysis''', and '''interval comp...

Knot (mathematics) (2313 bytes)
2: ...done. The study of such objects forms a branch of mathematics called [[knot theory]].
4: ...the [[trefoil knot]] and the [[figure-eight knot (mathematics)|figure-eight knot]].
6: ...ts, possibly tangled together, are called [[link (mathematics)|links]]. Knots are links with a single component...
8: ...re called '''wild''' and can have [[pathological (mathematics)|pathological]] behavior. In knot theory and [[3...

Scheme (mathematics) (8642 bytes)
1: In [[mathematics]], a '''scheme''' is an important concept connec...
5: ...e ring of the variety (the ring of all polynomial functions defined on the variety); the [[maximal ideal]]s ...
11: ...ad defined an abstract ''Zariski space'' from the function field of an [[algebraic variety]], for the needs ...
15: ...ative ring, thought of as the ring of "polynomial functions" defined on that set. These objects are the "aff...
50: Just like the ''R''-[[module (mathematics)|modules]] are central in [[commutative algebra]]...

Ring (mathematics) (8102 bytes)
34: ...umbers form rings, in fact they are even [[field (mathematics)|field]]s. These are likewise commutative rings.
38: ...The operations are addition and multiplication of functions.
40: ...', the set of all square ''n''-by-''n'' [[matrix (mathematics)|matrices]] with entries from ''R'', forms a ring...
42: * If ''G'' is an abelian [[group (mathematics)|group]], then the [[group homomorphism|endomorph...
45: * The set of all functions in ''n'' complex variables [[holomorphic]] at th...

Philosophy of mathematics (27943 bytes)
1: ...h attempts to answer questions such as: "why is [[mathematics]] useful in describing nature?", "in which sense,...
5: ...ise. This is a prime concern of the philosophy of mathematics.
7: ... some practitioners have also attempted to relate mathematics to general concerns of philosophy: [[epistemology...
11: ...nd, the related but logically separate, "Why does mathematics explain the physical world as we see it so well?"...
13: ...ither attempting to resolve them or claiming that mathematics is not entitled to its status as our most trusted...

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