Reference (C Plus Plus) (7728 bytes)
1: {{wrongtitle|title=Reference (C++)}}
3: ...ted from [[C programming language|C]], which is a reference in the general sense but not in the sense used by...
11: ... is said to define an identifier whose type is '''reference to <Type>'''.
23: ...to int, MyClass is a class with a member which is reference to int.
25: ...tifiers which are of reference type are called '''reference variables'''. To call them ''variable'', however,...

Self-reference (2978 bytes)
1: ...s when an object [[reference|refers]] to itself. Reference is possible when there are two logical levels, a ...
3: An example of a self-reference situation is the one of [[autopoiesis]], as the l...
5: Self-reference also occurs in [[literature]] when an author refe...
7: ...anically"), the result is a tautology. Such self-references can be quite complex and include full propositio...
9: Self-reference in [[computer science]] is seen in the concept of...

Reference (3572 bytes)
1: A '''reference''' is something that refers or points to somethin...
5: In [[semantics]], reference is the relation between [[noun]]s or [[pronouns]]...
9: Reference is not in general the same as meaning, since many...
10: ...[sense and reference | sense ]] of a word and its reference).
14: ...language]]s support some form of reference. See [[reference (computer science)]].

Frame of reference (6047 bytes)
1: ...o observers may choose to use different frames of reference to investigate a common system.
3: In essence, a frame of reference defines how an observer in that frame will observ...
5: ...of reference is considered an [[inertial frame of reference]] because he is not accelerating (ignoring effect...
7: ... of her as the positive y-axis. In this frame of reference, it is Betsy who is stationary and the world arou...
9: ...the acceleration to be the same - in her frame of reference, ''a'' in the negative y-direction. However, if ...

Weak reference (2356 bytes)
1: ...gramming|object-oriented]] languages feature weak references, such as [[Java programming language|Java]] and ...
3: ...e broken by replacing strong references with weak references.
5: Weak references are also used to minimize the number of unnecess...
7: ... such as [[C Plus Plus|C++]], provide weak/strong reference functionality as part of supporting garbage colle...
9: ... once objects are added to the list, they will be referenced by it and will persist forever (or until the pro...

Reference range (2102 bytes)
1: In [[health]]-related fields, a '''reference range''' is a set of values of some measurement t...
5: A reference range for a particular test or measurement, is us...
11: ==A graphical illustration of reference ranges==
18: ... situation, where the distribution is normal, the reference range can be obtained by simply measuring a popul...
25: ...t is useful to find out why this is the case. Two reference ranges can be established for the two different g...

Reference rate (1564 bytes)
1: A '''reference rate''' is any publicly available quoted number o...
4: ... outside the control of either of the parties who reference it, otherwise there will be a [[conflict of inter...
7: ...s in the [[credit derivative]] market. Here, the reference value is simply binary, as to whether a specified...
10: ...ng event]]" called into question the idea of such reference being independent. A restructuring event was trig...
14: This led to the reference event being redefined by [[ISDA]].

Sense and reference (16938 bytes)
1: ...the [[meaning]] of a linguistic expression. The ''reference'' of an expression is simply the object that the ...
6: ...h;with different senses corresponding to the same reference.
8: ...the expression refers to. Sense is one thing, and reference another.
11: ... aspect of meaning, writers have used the terms ''reference'', ''referent'', ''extension'', ''denotation'', '...
13: ... the sense of an expression is what picks out its reference.

Reference ellipsoid (2174 bytes)
3: In [[geodesy]], a '''reference ellipsoid''' is a mathematically defined surface ...
6: Mathematically the reference ellipsoid is an oblate (flattened) ellipsoid of r...
22: ...point, and the height ''h'' of the point over the reference ellipsoid. If these co-ordinates, i.e., latitude ...
46: Currently the most common reference ellipsoid used, and that used in the context of t...
48: Traditional reference ellipsoids or ''geodetic [[datum]]s'' are defined...

Grid reference (1784 bytes)
1: A '''grid reference''' is a standard method for the location of a poi...
7: ...ired. For Ordnance Survey maps, a six-figure grid reference is usually used, providing a resolution down to 1...
9: ...astings first, then the Northings. For example, a reference of 696018 specifies square (69, 01), and the poin...
11: For example, the grid reference above, 696018, is the position of the church at L...

Locality of reference (2448 bytes)
3: ...imes. There are three basic types of locality of reference: temporal, spatial and sequential:
5: ...e that is referenced at one point in time will be referenced again sometime in the near future.
6: ...resource is higher if a resource near it was just referenced.
9: ...next item will be read, hence spatial locality of reference, since memory locations are typically read in bat...
11: ...role on the highest level, since results that are referenced very closely together can be kept in a register....

Indirect self-reference (2466 bytes)
1: ...rect self-reference''' describes an object [[self-reference|referring to itself]] ''indirectly''.
7: Indirect self-reference is special in that its self-referential quality i...
20: ...un. It is somewhat surprising, in fact, that self-reference can be achieved at all in these systems.
24: Indirect self-reference was studied in great depth by [[W. V. Quine]] (af...

Reference surface (590 bytes)
1: '''Reference surface''': In [[optical-fiber]] technology, tha...
3: ... polymer overcoat of an all-[[glass]] fiber), the reference surface may be the [[core]].

Reference noise (589 bytes)
1: ...he magnitude of [[circuit]] [[noise]] chosen as a reference for measurement.

Reference clock (484 bytes)
1: In [[telecommunication]], the term '''reference clock''' has the following meanings:
7: <i>Note:</i> The [[failure]] of a reference clock does not necessarily cause loss of [[synchr...

Ideas of reference (1137 bytes)
1: '''Ideas of reference''' or '''delusions of reference''' involve a person having a belief or perception...

Reference circuit (800 bytes)
1: ...cteristic or characteristics, used primarily as a reference for measuring the performance of other, ''i.e.,''...
3: ...f related reference circuits is also called a ''[[reference system]]''.

Reference desk (181 bytes)
1: ...ic service found in many libraries, see [[library reference desk]].
2: ...For the Wikipedia community page, see [[Wikipedia:Reference desk]].

Frequency reference (410 bytes)
1: ...some kind. There are different sorts of frequency references, [[acoustics|acoustic]] ones such as [[tuning fo...
3: Among the most stable frequency references in the world are [[caesium]]-based [[atomic cloc...

Reference collection (1261 bytes)
1: ...s such as [[postage stamp]]s or [[coin]]s, a good reference collection will also include an assortment of (ca...
3: ... the pristine; in fact, organizations maintaining reference collections will encourage members to donate thei...
5: In [[biology]], reference collections are an important sort of information ...
7: In [[philately]], reference collections are critical to [[expertization]], si...

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