Three pillars of the European Union (4107 bytes)
1: ...ided EU policies into three main areas, called '''pillars'''.
3: == The three pillars ==
5: # The first or '[[European Community|Community]]' pillar concerns economic, ...
6: # The second or '[[Common Foreign and Security Policy]]...
7: ...Matters]]' (PJCC) pillar concerns co-operation in the fight against crime. This pillar was originally n...

European Union (34267 bytes)
1: ...ries of predecessor organisations, dating back to the [[1950s]].
3: ...n]], [[Euro|a single currency]] (adopted by 12 of the 25 member states), a [[Common Agricultural Policy...
5: ...pean Constitution|constitution]] for the European Union, which is currently awaiting ratification by indi...
7: {{European Union table}}
9: ...r states maintain their own policies in key areas of national interest such as foreign relations and d...

European Union directive (2928 bytes)
1: ...n recommendation|recommendation]]s and [[European Union opinion|opinion]]s.
3: ...hall leave to the national authorities the choice of form and methods." (art. 249 ex.189).
5: ...ings in the [[European Court of Justice]] against the countries involved.
7: Through its case law, the [[European Court of Justice]] has provided guidelines for member stat...
8: ...e possible interpretations, the judge must choose the interpretation that conforms with EU law. This r...

Languages of the European Union (8174 bytes)
1: ...people within the member states of the [[European Union]].
3: ... of the European Union's institutions, plus many others.
5: ... not only to promote easier communication between Europeans, but also to encourage greater tolerance and res...
7: ...he responsibility of individual Member States. Further information can be found at [http://europa.eu....
9: == Official languages of the institutions ==

European Union law (6503 bytes)
1: ...European Union law''' overrides the national laws of its member states.
3: There are three sources of Union law:
4: * primary legislation: the treaties
5: ...de by the Union's institutions in accordance with the treaties
6: ...the [[European Court of Justice]] and the [[Court of First Instance]]

Council of the European Union (6639 bytes)
1: {{Politics of the European Union}}
2: ...is often informally referred to as the '''Council of Ministers'''.
4: ...in the European Union, and the President of the [[European Commission]].
6: ...s Lipsius building, Council of the European Union office in Brussels]]
7: ...eral also serves as the [[High Representative for the Common Foreign and Security Policy]] ([[Common Fo...

Enlargement of the European Union (37622 bytes)
2: ...rally known as the [[Copenhagen criteria]] (after the [[Copenhagen]] summit in June 1993).
6: ''For details see [[History of the European Union]].''
8: ...d to be the beginning of what is now the European Union.
10: ...elgium]], the [[Netherlands]] and [[Luxembourg]] (the [[Benelux]] countries) and (West) [[Germany]], [[...
12: ...came the European Community and then the European Union.

European Broadcasting Union (6493 bytes)
1: ... from Central and Eastern Europe, was merged with the EBU.
3: ...], [[Columbia Broadcasting System|CBS]], [[NBC]], the [[Corporation for Public Broadcasting]], and [[Ti...
5: ... of Europe. The Eurovision Network also organises the [[Eurovision Young Dancers]] competition, which i...
7: The theme music played before EBU broadcasts is [[Marc-An...
10: === European members ===

Treaties of the European Union (6866 bytes)
1: ...effectively its [[constitutional law]], making up the EU's primary legislation.
6: [[European integration]] is at present based on four foundin...
8: ...s (1951)|Treaty of Paris]]''', establishing the [[European Coal and Steel Community]], which was signed on 1...
9: * The Treaty establishing the [[European Atomic Energy Community]] ([[Euratom]])
10: ...the term '''"[[Treaty of Rome]]"''' is used, only the EEC Treaty is meant.

History of the European Union (23418 bytes)
1: ... See also the [[history of Europe]] and [[history of present-day nations and states]]. and what else.
4: ...he history of the continent since the collapse of the Mediterranean-centered [[Roman Empire]].
6: ...e areas under a loose administration for hundreds of years.
8: ... creation of a union of Christian nations against the Turks in [[1464]].
10: ...e monarchy]], which lasted until the [[partitions of Poland]] in [[1795]].

Elections in the European Union (1692 bytes)
1: {{Politics of the European Union}}
2: ... in which electorates choose [[local government]] officials.
3: ...or a more comprehensive discussion and the [[List of democracy and elections-related topics]] for an o...
5: ...n Union elects on union level a parliament. The [[European Parliament]] has 732 members, elected for a five ...
6: ...[political parties|parties]] must work with each other to form [[coalition government]]s.

Institutions of the European Union (1932 bytes)
1: {{merge}} [[List of European Union-related topics]]
4: The [[European Union]] has several '''institutions''':
6: *The [[European Parliament]]
7: *The [[European Council]]
8: ...he [[Council of the European Union]] (or 'Council of Ministers')

Western European Union (4001 bytes)
1: ...osed of those states members of both [[NATO]] and the [[EU]].
3: ...been lobbying for itself to be recognized as the "European Security and Defence Assembly".
5: ...Foreign and Security Policy]] of the EU have been the following:
7: ...the ongoing transfer of functions from the WEU to the [[EU]].
8: ...Amsterdam]] of the EU, forming the basis of the [[European Security and Defence Policy]].

Agencies of the European Union (2697 bytes)
1: ... the European Union|treaties]] but rather by acts of secondary legislation, in order to accomplish a v...
3: ...institutions established in the treaties, each of these agencies has its own legal personality.
5: There are currently sixteen '''[[European Community]]''' agencies.
7: ...of Vocational Training]] (Cedefop) - located in [[Thessaloniki]]
8: ...mprovement of Living and Working Conditions]] (EUROFOUND) - located in [[Dublin]]

European Union regulation (2063 bytes)
1: ...European Union directive|directives]], [[European Union decision|decisions]], [[recommendation]]s and opi...
3: ...constitutes the most powerful or influential form of EU law.
4: ...and, is only applicable in the Member States when the objectives it contains have been transposed into ...
6: ...the Commission or the Council acting on the basis of article 211.
8: ... light of, and consistently with the requirements of, EU Regulations.

Sport in the European Union (4334 bytes)
2: ...and many leading athletes and teams belong to the Union's countries.
4: == Sports in the EU institutions ==
6: A reference to sports is included in the new [[European Constitution]]:
7: ...nd by protecting the physical and moral integrity of sportsmen and sportswomen, especially young sport...
9: ... charge of sports in the EU, as the Commissionner of Education and Culture.

European Union recommendation (1204 bytes)
1: ...directive|directive]]s and [[decision]]s, in that they are not binding for Member States.
3: ...in this Treaty, if it expressly so provides or if the Commission considers it necessary."
5: ... differing from the Directive only by the absence of obligatory power.
7: ... [http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex/ EUR-LEX, European Union Law].
9: [[Category:European Union law]]

Presidency of the Council of the European Union (13456 bytes)
1: ...Council. However, working out compromises capable of resolving difficulties is in practice also a prim...
3: ...ate]] of the member state holding the Presidency. The President is primarily responsible for preparing ...
6: ... in accordance with a pre-established rota unless the Council makes a new decision.
13: <th>minister responsible (usually the [[foreign minister]])</th>
25: <td>Second half-year<td>[[Netherlands]]<td>[[Joseph Luns]]

Accession of Turkey to the European Union (18585 bytes)
1: ...ersy of the ongoing [[enlargement of the European Union]].
3: ...rude-EU29.png|framed|right|EU after the admission of Turkey (as well as Bulgaria, Romania and Croatia)...
7: ...Commission|Commission]] in [[1989]], on the basis of its poor economy and human rights record, Turkey'...
9: ...is as other candidates, namely the fulfillment of the [[Copenhagen criteria]].
11: ...tice and Development Party (AKP)]], a popular pro-European party with [[Islamist]] roots.

Referenda related to the European Union (5173 bytes)
1: ...[referendum|referenda]] related to the [[European Union]]'''.
3: == Enlargement of 1973 ==
5: ...ce]] held a referendum on [[23 April]], [[1972]]. The turnout was 60.72%, with 68.28% in favour.
7: ...he issue of joining the [[European Communities]]. The results were:
9: * [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]] - 83.1% in favour ([[May 10]])

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